Music And Its Effect On Society - 1500 Words

Music as life provider, never would I have suspected that music could possess a strong element in treating the human body, despite the pure entertainment, music can give to us, it cannot compare to how it affects people. The main reason for it would be how it is used for medical purposes, how it is affecting us (health wise), and how it helps educationally. There are a lot of interesting aspects that music brings and it is identified as analgesic and anxiolytic. It has been used as a therapeutic tool for centuries and has been shown to change many areas of the brain and the body. It is natural to see that music has the ability to affect those who listen, probably since music is an ever-changing item that remains available to us all. The development of music therapy became modernized in the 1950s in North America and most of Europe; so many physicians began an approach to recognize that music causes a soothing effect on patients, that interest was formed when music was acknowledged as a healing influence throughout the early associated doctors, though it is not the kind to close wounds. An impressive profession, clinically-based around the use of music interventions to accomplish individual goals while remaining in a therapeutic correlation to establish total rehabilitation towards their patients. Music therapy comes in two forms, receptive and active. The active side of music therapy involves the therapist and the patient to actively partake in creating music withShow MoreRelatedMusic And Its Effect On Society1080 Words   |  5 PagesMusic can produce many effects, mental and physical, in listeners and participants. Cultures throughout history have recognized these effects and used music for healing, producti vity, and socialization. Currently different aspects that affect individuals’ chemistry, development, and performance are being studied. The placebo effect, a common mind over matter concept, will be looked at in its relation to music. The chemistry behind music is not as revolutionary as one might assume. For simplicityRead MoreMusic And Its Effect On Society1524 Words   |  7 PagesMusic to Mind Statistics show that the average American listens to around four hours of music each day (Stutz 2). This means that Americans listen to roughly 1,460 hours of some type of music every year. If people listen to this much music, there has to be a way to use it for good. Once people stop thinking about music as just an extracurricular or a way to pass time, the music movement will grow by showing others what crazy things it can do. Right now, America is all about using everyday activitiesRead MoreRap Music And Its Effect On Society Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pagesthink that it is only classical music that has a positive effect on society because of its soft tune and melody, but in fact rap music can have that same effect. The reason that some people think rap music leads to violence is because gang members can often be found listening to rap music, and they dress in the urban clothing style of rappers. The reality is that rap music is greatly misunderstood. The media often portrays rap music as negative and focuses on rap music more when it is related to somethingRead MoreRap Music And Its Effects On Society1535 Words   |  7 Pagesmore recent rap music that glorifies sexual themes, practices and criminal mischief. This violent rap music has been seen to have harmful and undesirable effects on the behavior of adolescents as seen in many academic journals and a couple of long term scientific experiments. Even though many have acknowledged these negative effects seen in rap music of this time, some have used rap music to relay more positive messages such as using rap music in church sermons or just releasing music without the crudeRead MoreRap Music And Its Effects On Society1860 Words   |  8 Pageslyrics over a basic beat or rhythm. Many members of society today assume that rap is a dangerous and violent influence, however what they seem to be ignorant of is the fact that rap music is actually beneficial. The majority of the world we live in today has unjustl y classified rap as a barbaric form of music, unfit for any decent human to listen to, but the reality of the situation is, that people simply cannot accept the culture known as rap into society. Nowadays, rappers such as Kanye, Soulja Boi,Read MoreElectronic Music And Its Effect On Society1595 Words   |  7 Pages When it comes to electronic music the general assumption is that it is mindless noise that can be created by anyone with a music program and a laptop. The reality is that the process of creating electronic music is very complicated and tedious. It is also likely that the same people that say they dislike electronic music or that it isn’t real music enjoy listening to it without their knowledge of it. Electronic music is not only found almost everywhere but creating it can be compared to writingRead MoreMusic Therapy And Its Effects On Society1697 Words   |  7 PagesFortunately, for the people facing these issues, there is. Music therapy is a relatively n ew approach that doctors, teachers, and many others are taking to help heal and improve the quality of life for their patients and students. It’s starting to become more common around the United States and is expected to become even more popular in the future. Books like Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart support the idea of music therapy by demonstrating how music can be used to soothe and improve the moods of individualsRead MoreChinese Music And Its Effect On Society1622 Words   |  7 Pages Chinese Music has been around for thousands of years. Their music is created to entertain the high royals in china as well the people. According to the China Highlights, the traditional music was so important because it was the ideal society to help conduct and govern them. It was also used for not for entertainment, but for musicians to accomplish a political and social goal. For more than centuries, learning how to play an instrument was taught at a very young age. Growing up, they would goRead MoreRap Music And Its Effect On Society1915 Words   |  8 PagesAs a whole, â€Å"Rap music† is a misrepresentation of black culture. Rap teaches youth that violence, demeaning women and participating in criminal activity are acceptable in today’s society. Despite the rap artists’ that do use self-expression as a means of changing the way listeners view society, rap music contradicts the good that it can create. Rap is proven detrimental toward society, despite the p olitical views most believe it provides. Simply stated, raps contradictive nature makes it impossibleRead MoreMusic Therapy And Its Effect On Society1786 Words   |  8 Pagesabout my own experiences with music and how music affects all mankind, I wondered how others were affected by music. Does music really make a difference or is it just an opinion. As early as the days of Aristotle and Plato, it was believed music had healing powers. (1- AMTA) When I began researching music therapy, it was much different than what I expected but I do believe it is a career that can beneficial to all. As I continued to explore the benefits of music therapy, I found much research

Italian Language Lessons for Bello e Quello

Using Online Literacy Software Programs - 1562 Words

The researcher has found that a considerable percentage of ELLs did not meet the state s proficiency targets. According to the FCAT data, less than fifty percent of ELLs were bellow mastery in vocabulary. Therefore, the researchers is aiming to study and discover whether the online digital programs being used in the classroom help ELLs master the academic vocabulary to understand advanced texts. Given these facts, the researcher has proposed himself to focus his action research on the following question: Will the ELLs improve their comprehension skills of expository texts by focusing most of their practices on vocabulary development through the use of online literacy software programs? Review of the Literature English language learners (ELLs) represent a rapidly expanding population in U.S. schools. As the ethnic composition of the United States continues to increase, the prospect that more educators will work with a diverse student population is quickly becoming a reality within American school system. The number of school-age children of immigrants is projected to increase from 12.3 million in 2005 to 17.9 million in 2020, accounting for all the projected growth in the school-age population (White Gillard, 2011). In particular, the U.S. education system is feeling this impact strongly as intensifying numbers of students are entering schools with limited skills in English (Martinez, D. 2005).Consequently, the growing number of non-English speaking students isShow MoreRelatedAnnotated Bibliography Of A Computer Lab1010 Words   |  5 Pagesprojects does the computer teacher do with the students who come to the lab? Which software programs are used? Do you think that the projects done in the computer lab are related to the classroom curriculum? Why or why not? There are one computer teacher and one tech coach. Students research online, use Microsoft Word, develop PowerPoint, and use Excel to enhance their technology skills. The teacher uses Pixie – an online early childhood tool that helps ESL students to express words through drawingsRead MorePaper On Adult Literacy706 Words   |  3 PagesSoftware furthers the experience that hardware brings by offering tools that can perform tasks to educate learners. Without software hardware would have very limited applications. Software online dictionaries and text-to-speech help meet the individual needs of learners and can give confidence in a user’s ability and motivation to keep learning. Mobile Apps In developed countries such as Canada ownership of mobile devices is much higher due to its affordability, portability, and availability makingRead MoreThe Assessment Of A Community s Decision For Real Initiative958 Words   |  4 Pagesseriously or may be misrepresented in the eyes of policymakers because the people in that community may not be using the GIS software correctly, therefore they do not comprehend the data that is being presented to them in a GIS platform. This connects to another complication, that the general public may not have the basic training requirements needed to properly understand GIS software. Referring back to Carver, et al (2001), one of the issues they encountered during the observation of the NeighbourhoodRead MoreDollar General Store1478 Words   |  6 PagesAmerica is the small town oriented Dollar General Store. The value and convenience offered by Dollar General Store focuses mostly on low, middle and fixed income families in rural areas that ar e not normally served by larger retailers. The current programs used by Dollar General Store helps to bring the consumable basics to their customers at a low price. Dollar General Store Introduction The mission of Dollar General Store to their â€Å"customers is a better life†, their â€Å"strategy; a customer-drivenRead More Current Trends in Educational Technology Essay1456 Words   |  6 Pagesbalance in technology education and using open source software in the school. Hopefully these trends will be an eye opener for the reader. This paper is based on these journal articles: Research in Technology Education: Back to the Future (Reed, 2002); Basic Principles in Holistic Technology Education (Seemann, 2003); Partnership-Centered Learning: The Case for Pedagogic Balance In Technology Education (Walmsely, 2003) and Making the Switch to Open Source Software (Surran, 2003). Researching theRead MoreAdvanced Knowledge of Technology in the Classroom641 Words   |  3 PagesUsing online programs in the classroom is becoming a common practice for delivering educational information. However, the use of Internet sources and materials that support instruction often requires users to have more advanced knowledge and understanding. Online access has become the central focus on students habit. Gillam and Wooden (2013) stated that educators need to †create high-functioning learning communities in an otherwise disembodied online learning space† (p.24). Inan, Lowther, Ross,Read MoreThe Lack Of Financial Literacy Essay1371 Words   |  6 PagesProblem / Needs The lack of financial literacy has reached an epidemic proportion among America’s youth, and in today’s world, many teens work to achieve their own financial independence. According to a recent youth survey given by the RAND Group in 2015, $91 billion of spending power is by teen youth, and the downside to this is many teens have no idea how to handle money. Due to the lack of financial literacy leads many young people to unsuccessfully manage their consumer credit, establish badRead More Ethics in the Age of Information Essay example1474 Words   |  6 Pagesillegal sharing of computer software. Software is any of the programs used in operating a digital computer, as input and output programs, as defined by Funk and Wagnalls Standard Desk Dictionary. When you purchase computer software, you purchase it with the understanding that it will be for use on a single computer, once installed on that system, it is not to be loaded on any other computer. However many people are not aware of this understanding, and many load a program on a couple of computers orRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed My Life970 Words   |  4 PagesProfessional Learning Networks, including Digital Citizenship, Digital Equity, and the Literacy Network. I regularly access several online newsletters and blogs to stay current with industry standards, trends, and techno logies. Access to the latest educational technology information has precipitated several milestones in my journey as a teacher in the career and technical fields. One milestone is my use of free online resources, including Quizlet, PaperRater, and Remind. I realized my students needRead MoreHow Technology Can Make Learning More Accessible1658 Words   |  7 PagesLiteracy is a skill applied to technology is many jobs, which help the development of global economy. However, technology also makes people lazy to learn literacy such as spelling and alienates them by replacing online socialism rather than leaving their home. Technology is now used to help teach literacy. A t.v. has educational channels, the computer can help do research, and there is also computer software, such as Microsoft word to help with grammar and formatting work. Technology helps make

Essay on Jane Austen and Social Status - 1559 Words

Jane Austen essay outline Jane Austen, the English novelist, often spoke of what living under social classes was like with the status of women and their class during her time in the nineteenth century. Miss Austens novels all outlined this common link, during which she shows how it affects other peoples views of one another with respect. The upper class did not work, and contained some of the oldest families, in which most were titled aristocrats. Most of the income was received upon birth and came from inherited lands and investments. The middle class was formed by most of the population. It was also full of well respected men and women. Men performed work that didnt require hard labor such as mental skills or â€Å"clean† work and were†¦show more content†¦Even comparing the upper class to the middle class showed drastic changes between wealth and respect towards others. Austen created this in her stories reflecting the life and social status of her time. When ownin g a property it showed a open knowledge of wealth because not everyone could own a piece of property. The men and women who worked for those people on the property were considered lower class. Jane Austen was an outspoken feminist born into the nineteenth century on December 16th, 1775. During Miss Austens lifetime in 1780, Madame Rowland(1754-1793) hosting a important salon where revolutionary thinkers and politicians debate during the French Revolution. Rowland was an outspoken feminist, she pressed for womans political rights. She was later executed in November of 1793, allegedly for treason. Men during this time tried to supress women from being outspoken or attempting to make themselves equal. In Jane Austens book Pride and Prejudice, Elizabeth Bennet was an outspoken woman who was looked down upon by knowing so much and speaking her mind. Women in this time period were not equal to men in the nineteenth century, thus making it harder for women during this time. Miss Austen sta tes in her novel Persuasion, â€Å"Men have had every advantage of us in telling their own story. Education has been theirs in so much higher degree; the pen has been in theirShow MoreRelatedEmma Woodhouse Essay1601 Words   |  7 PagesJane Austen, critically acclaimed English novelist, is known for her witty and elegantly structured satirical fiction. Born December 16, 1775, Jane Austen was the seventh of eight children, and was closest to older sister Claudia. Her father was the parish rector in Steventon, and, though not wealthy, her family was well connected and well educated. Austen briefly attended boarding school in Reading but received the majority of her education at home. As a child, Austen was encouraged to write whichRead MoreBritish Social Class in Mansfield Park by Jane Austen1742 Words   |  7 Pagessocially oriented novel. In this novel Jane Austen closely describe the everyday life of rural middle class society, its gaieties and hardships, describing a distinct system of moral and social principles influencing people’s lives in that period, women status in the system and female life expectations. In the novel Austen shows the efforts of some trying to break the predetermined limitations in order to improve their social class and rank. Austen pointed out the social threats that might ruin the women’sRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1724 Words   |  7 PagesThe 18th century novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the class system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggleRead MoreThe Woman Of A Tradesman Essay15 37 Words   |  7 Pagesafter their marriage. In spite of the fact that Emma is unmistakably a flight from the usual and ordinary Austen s depiction of women, the other female characters in the novel bring to light the challenges confronting ladies without monetary autonomy. Miss Bates, Jane Fairfax, and Harriet Smith represent three conceivable situations for the women who do not have high social status and position like Emma. Miss Bates never wedded and is reliant on her mother s insignificant wage. With the passageRead MorePride And Prejudice By Jane Austen Essay1711 Words   |  7 Pageshe 18th century novel, Pride and Prejudice, by Jane Austen, is a fascinating book about a young woman’s struggle with family and love. Pride and Prejudice was originally published in 1813, but, the most common version of the story, and the one used for this research, is from the version published in 1892, still by only Jane Austen, though many other authors have contributed to this book over time. Austen often references the c lass system at the time, often noting one of the multiple heroine’s struggleRead MoreSocial Class in Jane Austen997 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout this essay , I will be looking at the theme of social class in Jane Austen’s work  ; critically analysed by Juliet McMaster, a chapter taken from ‘The Cambridge Companion to Jane Austen’, edited by Edward Copeland and Juliet McMaster. Jane Austens novels at first glance tell a story of romance, set within the landowning society amidst country estates, and their cultivation of tea parties, social outings, and extravagant balls; ladies frolicking in flowing gowns through decorated roomsRead MoreJane Austen s Death On The Nile Essay1267 Words   |  6 Pagesaround the case. Pride and Prejudice, written by Jane Austen in 1813, tells the story of Elizabeth Bennet, and her relationships between her family and families beyond her class and the issues that arise between the different class statuses. Agatha Christi e and Jane Austen have similar perspectives on the values that the upper class hold dear, such as gender roles, importance of social status and reasons for marriage. Agatha Christie and Jane Austen both reveal the expectations for women in theirRead MoreComparative Study: Letters to Alice and Pride and Prejudice1502 Words   |  7 Pagescentral values shared and explored by evaluating them; presenting them against Jane Austens context and that of Fay Weldon. Mirroring Austens novel, Weldon presents the central values for women such as the social values of moral behaviour, independence, and, literary values of reading and writing, from Pride and Prejudice and adapts them to a 20th Century context. Weldons novels subtitle, On First Reading Jane Austen, suggests that the novel should serve as a filter to assist readers. The implicationRead MoreJane Austens Pride and Prejudice1061 Words   |  5 Pagesnovelist Jane Austen satirizes her society and those who follow it. One of her most famous works, Pride and Prejudice, is a great example of this satire. Throughout the novel she explores the effects of society through her characters. In Jane Austen ’s novel Pride and Prejudice, she divulges the central theme of society and social class through the characters Elizabeth Bennet, Mr. Darcy, and Lady Catherine. The first character that Austen uses to analyze this theme is Elizabeth Bennet. Austen describesRead MoreEmma Cultural Context1084 Words   |  5 PagesEmma by Jane Austen Cultural context The novel I have studied is Emma by Jane Austen. The cultural context to which we are introduced in the novel Emma by Jane Austen, is the world of the middle classes in the nineteenth century. In this essay I will look, firstly, at the role of women in this world. I will examine the very limited opportunities a woman had in terms of education and finding a career which would allow her to live an independent life in the world of the novel. Secondly, I will

Cost and Quality of Health Care System

Question: Discuss about the Cost and Quality of Health Care System. Answer: Introduction: Health care system in a nation depends upon several factors; not only the health care professionals or care givers are contributing to the system, rather there are several parameters and aspects, which are the basis of the system in a nation. This essay focuses on Singapore health care and addresses specifically the three specific pillars of Singapore health care system such as access, cost and quality of health care system in Singapore. These are three pivotal parts in health care systems; each of the elements significantly contributes in successful health care delivery to care users and determine the health status of entire society (Meng-Kin, 1998) The Ministry of Health in Singapore looks after all aspects of health service in the country. According to WHOs health system report, Singapore had achieved 6th rank in the year 2000. A non-modified universal health care system is present in Singapore, where government tries to maintain affordability in health service through price contr ol strategies. Singapore is regarded as the healthiest country in the world. Access, cost and quality of health care system are three aspects, sharing common features and these are interdependent aspects, thus, while discussing one aspect, the other two are being discussed simultaneously. It is because, health care cost determines access of health care by different socioeconomic group in the community, whereas, the overall health care quality is dependent on the cost expenditure by government or private organization (Lim, 2005). Therefore, together these three aspects determine the quality of health care services delivered to the healthcare service users in Singapore community. According to the concept of The Iron Triangle of Health Care, access, quality and cost are three competing health care issues, present identical priorities, and change in one result in change to other one or both issues (Pocock Phua, 2011). For instance, if a health care policy enhances access to health care, it would lower the quality of health care and increase cost. There are four key factors that have helped the nation to reach its health care goals. These are; ability of recognizing and establishing national priorities, thereby providing its economy time for growing before putting high investment in health care, political unity, a cooperative culture within government an constancy of purpose, a great desire of shared social harmony and well being and attention to education, rights and health care priorities in women (Moh.gov.sg, 2016). While discussing about the cost of health care, the main elements of Singapore health care system is that there is absence of free medical service. Except subsidy in service, no free services are provided even in public health care system. The key intention of the system is to reduce over-utilization of health care system. The country provides maximum health coverage to its citizen by incorporating the philosophy of affordable care and individual care. The country has got the sixth rank in worlds health outcomes, spending less in the health care domain compared to any other high income country, which has been measured on the basis of GDP fraction spent on health and as expenditure per person (Phua, 1991). There are multiple layers in Singapore health care financing system. The Singapore health service combines compulsory savings from payroll deductions, which make the system able to give subsidies through a nationalized health insurance plan, Medisave. In this system, each person gathers their funds, which can be united within the entire extended family. This scheme has been adopted by the majority of Singapore population. During a health care episode, one of the three levels of subsidy is selected by the patient. Therefore, the countrys system has implemented such a scheme or policy that has made its citizen self-sufficient. Medisheild is a low cost insurance policy that helps people whose funding is not sufficient to meet their medical expenses. Moreover, Medifund provides safety net to the needy Singaporeans. There is a rise in Governments spending on the heath care sector, from SG$5.8 billion to SG$7.1 billion within 2013-14 to 2014-15, which will enhance health care cost about 22 % (Sturmberg, O'Halloran Martin, 2012). Overall, government is spen ding only 1.6 % of annual GDP in public health care, which is approximately $1,104 per person (Chongsuvivatwong et al., 2011). Moreover, government spends very less in private health care system. Instead of government expenditure, the expense in private health care sector is high compared to other high income countries, which also contribute to highly accessible care services, along with the governments philosophy that citizen should be accountable for their self care (Moh.gov.sg, 2016). Innovative integration of citizen medical saving scheme promoted the access of every level of individual to Singapore health care system. Access to the health care system is an important component of health care system, which includes five dimensions. Availability is referred to the presence of adequate number physicians and other health care providers for generalized as well as specialized services. Singapore has shown finest medical facilities in both public and private sectors (Crisp Chen, 2014). Till 2012, there are 10,225 doctors in health care delivery system, providing a doctor to population ration of 1: 520; there are total 34,507 nurses, providing a nurse to population ratio is 1: 150. In 2012, it has been estimated that in Singapore, there were total 10,756 hospital beds in 25 hospitals and specialty centers (Feldstein, 2012). In addition, 8 public hospitals include 6 general hospitals, a psychiatry hospital and a womens and children hospital. Acceptability refers to the trust and acceptance of health care service users towards health care providers. The secured medical insurance scheme has established a trustworthy relationship within care users and health care system in Singapore. On the other hand, patients are able to select either government or private health providers. There are private and government health care delivery system or polyclinic, where individual can consult for the best possible health care option. There are emergency services, which is 24 hours available (Blais, 2015). Accommodation is referred to the relationship within health care users needs and the manner through which health care providers organizes services and facilities to meet health care users needs. Accommodation is very important in Singapore health care system. The entire system has its uniqueness for their addressing patients needs through their financing and staffing philosophy. In addition to the public-centered insurance schemes, pati ent protection and affordable care act helps in supporting innovative or promising care practice model in the health service. Affordability refers to the relationship between health care service price and the ability of health care users to pay. Singapore government has integrated such a scheme that helps its citizens to help themselves to afford their health care cost, while government also pays a fraction of their health care cost. The system is unique, by introducing a mixed financing system, ensuring that no Singaporean citizen is denied access to basic health care service due to affordability issues. For low SES groups, there are additional schemes. Accessibility is referred to relationship between location of health care services supply and the location from where client will access health care service or facilities. The national health care system include 24 hours and emergency departments in government hospitals and there are several government and private clinics from where people can get a primary health care assistance before accessing a private or government hospital (Rosen, Waitzberg Merkur, 2 015). The agency for integrated care was developed in 2009 for improving health care services in the community. In addition, for make the health more accessible to public; regional health systems are developed for linking hospital with primary care and rehabilitation centers. Moreover, telehealth and telemedicine is playing a major role in enhancing accessibility of healthcare in Singapore. In terms of quality and efficiency, Singapore has got the 1st rank throughout the world in 2014. Singapore health care system is a lesson to any high income country for integrating a principle, representing that it is possible t develop high quality and affordable health care system with limited resources through long term planning and innovative policymaking. Moreover, economic and geographic location of the nation helps it to evolve and transform its healthcare system from an acute care system to a comprehensive system for acute a chronic care. In this context, Donabedian model can be used for assessing the health care services and evaluating the quality of health care of Singapore health care system (Swayne, Duncan Ginter, 2012). This model depicts that quality of care can be determined from three interrelated categories that include structure, process and outcomes. Structure includes the factors affecting the context of health care delivery. Process is referred to the collection of actions making up the healthcare system as a whole. Finally, outcome is referred to the effect of healthcare activities upon health care population, which can be estimated by the positive outcomes and patient satisfaction. In current era, Singapore has introduced a mixed service delivery model. 80 % of the public health care domain is predominating by acute care centre. On the other hand, hospitals and nursing homes are provide by welfare organizations, funded by Ministry of health care, Singapore government. The financial scheme developed by the government is the key factor promoting the high quality services in the system. The system ensures that people are aware of taking care of their own (Milovic Milovic, 2012). When people are aware of that they would have to pay for their health, it enhances the quality of health care overall. On the other hand, promotion of competition and transparency has led the quality of national health care system to the top most level. The hospitals has been pushed on this effort to do more with less. It has been revealed that success has become greater since the competition and transparency is integrated in the system. The Ministry of Health is integrating new technologies in the health care system, instead of investing more in the system, which is also enhancing its quality. The Ministry is progressively influencing the publication of health outcomes in government website, for encouraging service providers as well as service users along with further improvement and helping patients to make more informed choice. Overall, all these functions are promoting a better quality of health care service delivered to patients. Reference List Blais, K. (2015). Professional nursing practice: Concepts and perspectives. Pearson. Chongsuvivatwong, V., Phua, K. H., Yap, M. T., Pocock, N. S., Hashim, J. H., Chhem, R., ... Lopez, A. D. (2011). Health and health-care systems in southeast Asia: diversity and transitions. The Lancet, 377(9763), 429-437. Crisp, N., Chen, L. (2014). Global supply of health professionals. New England Journal of Medicine, 370(10), 950-957. Feldstein, P. J. (2012). Health care economics. Cengage Learning. Kondilis, E., Giannakopoulos, S., Gavana, M., Ierodiakonou, I., Waitzkin, H., Benos, A. (2013). Economic crisis, restrictive policies, and the populations health and health care: the Greek case. American journal of public health, 103(6), 973-979. Lee, C. G. (2010). Health care and tourism: Evidence from Singapore. Tourism Management, 31(4), 486-488. Lim, M. K. (2005). Transforming Singapore health care: public-private partnership. Annals-Academy of Medicine Singapore, 34(7), 461. Meng-Kin, L. (1998). Health care systems m transition II. Singapore, Part I. An overview of health care systems in Singapore. Journal of Public Health Medicine, 20, 16-22. Milovic, B., Milovic, M. (2012). Prediction and decision making in health care using data mining. Kuwait Chapter of the Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 1(12), 126. Moh.gov.sg,. (2016). Our Healthcare System | Ministry of Health. Moh.gov.sg. Retrieved 16 November 2016, from https://www.moh.gov.sg/content/moh_web/home/our_healthcare_system.html Phua, K. H. (1991). Privatization Restructuring of Health Services in Singapore (No. 5). Marshall Cavendish Corporation/Ccb. Pocock, N. S., Phua, K. H. (2011). Medical tourism and policy implications for health systems: a conceptual framework from a comparative study of Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia. Globalization and health, 7(1), 1. Rosen, B., Waitzberg, R., Merkur, S. (2015). Israel: Health System Review. Health systems in transition, 17(6), 1-212. Sturmberg, J. P., O'Halloran, D. M., Martin, C. M. (2012). Understanding health system reforma complex adaptive systems perspective. Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice, 18(1), 202-208. Swayne, L. E., Duncan, W. J., Ginter, P. M. (2012). Strategic management of health care organizations. John Wiley Sons.

Different Methods To Calculate Wave Propagation Analysis - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Different Methods To Calculate Wave Propagation Analysis. Answer: Introduction According to (Braja, 2016)there is a need for Civil Engineers to properly understand different theories and analysis that are used to evaluate soils and foundation designs. The extensive Geotechnical Engineering is a wide study that helps mechanics in their day to day study of soil and rocks, learning their features and soil composition. In this report, we are looking at a study of wave propagation analysis of two-phase saturated porous media using coupled finiteinfinite element method. An extensive study of soil and its behaviors, the decay function of sub-surface materials is shown based on the analytical solution. A properly managed study of the phenomenon of wave propagation in water bearing media must have effective and results. There are many methods used to deal with unbounded domains. However both methods are good and give estimated results. The finite and infinite domain. Computationally, Differential Equations governs wave propagation, saturated slightly in porous media. Computational Framework/ Numerical Method. Computational framework is the basis of observing chemical processes reactions. In the research method of wave propagation analysis of two phase saturated porous media using finite-infinite element method, computational framework/numerical model is the finite method proposed for analyzing the remote domains. This method is usually used in engineering and mathematical physics to come up with solutions of numeric. The finite method is used to truncate boundaries that are at a large distance remotely from one zone then fixed or free boundary conditions are imposed. This approach have its own limitations whereby, if the waves reflect back near the field, wrong results may be incurred. This approach has its own limitations in case the systems used are taken legal action. The finite method may lead to high costs resolving from computational, large storage needed and time frame penalties. These are the major limitations of the numerical method. Main features of Computational Framework. One of the features of the truncating approach is imposing a special boundary condition whereby the infinite domain is truncated at an arbitrary location, for example absorption of energy. This method however is not satisfactory because they are mostly artificial. Another feature of the Framework is using a finite element that are coupled together and boundary element method. This is whereby there is a division of the whole system to the closest field, that in cooperates symmetrical boundaries and non- homogeneous and those fields that extent to limitlessness. The third feature in the finite method, is using the cloning method that was proposed by known Dasguta. Which was later made better by wolf and Song. The advantage of this method is that it is the only finite approach that is standalone. However its main weakness is whereby, some conditions of similarity of geometry and property of material can be satisfied. Another great feature for computational framework is the use of finite element and the infinite approach. This is used to measure the infinity in different ways whereby the finite elements measure near area and in-finite one used to measure areas that are far. Other methods used Governing Equations Governing equations is whereby, mass is conserved and energy too is conserved in fluid. In wave propagation analysis, the porous media can be compressed with viscid fluids. Infinite Element Formulation This is where shape decays with distance and zero is reaches infinity. The shape functionality does not matter a lot here. This methods consists of two main steps whereby, there is need of analytical identification solution of the problem and derivation of the shape from it. This method in cooperates several solutions. I.D analytical approach is one of the solutions of the infinite element foundation whereby element functions shapes are derived from it. Shape functions is another type of infinite element solution whereby the shape functions are the key elements. Property functions is another approach whereby all directions are shown. Finite Element Formulation. This is where, the research is done using Galerkin approach. The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a numerical technique that is used to get estimated solutions of partial differential equations. FEM, was originated from the need of solving complex elasticity and structural analysis problems in Civil Engineering. It aids in giving strength and stiffness to structures that are being simulated. Moreover assists in cost elimination and weight minimization to structures that are being built. This method subdivides large tasks into smaller parts that are simple to tackle which are called finite elements.(Joonsang, 2012) Infinite Element Formulation Infinite element Formulation (IFEM), is usually calculated using integer m, known as the infinite element order. For one to get the smallest error possible between estimated and exact solution, then the order of integer m, should be highest. These elements, the infinite elements are used in acoustic models to represent the radiation of field on finite elements that are unbounded. They have many advantages over some of the boundary treatment of such tasks. While carrying out this example, providing stability to such structures some of the factors to be taken into consideration entails avoidance of very big, dominant massing, large elongated or slab-like plates, being very innovative and creative with appropriate choice of materials especially key in the, inaccurate methods of computation of stresses and strains from the effects of shrinkage, this is to mean only shapeless materials are used.rimming the infinite domain at an arbitrary location then imposing great boundary locations. Th is is where shape decays with distance to zero as reaches it infinity. The shape functionality does not matter a lot here. This methods consists of two main steps whereby, there is need of analytical identification solution of the problem and derivation of the shape from it. This method in cooperates several solutions. (Joonsang, 2012) Verification method Verification method commonly have four parts, which are intense inspection, demonstration of the results, testing and analyzing the findings. In inspection, the common methods used are usually the five senses which are tasting, touching, seeing, smelling or olfactory. This is used to identify the accuracy and efficiency of the infinite method during wave propagation analysis. Two experiment are carried out and then they are compared to verify the similarities. Example, a problem with 1D problem that consists saturated porous media subjected to a uniform harmonic loading with circular frequency. A schematic representation of the problem and the finiteinfinite element the near field is discretized using eight-node isoperimetric finite elements and the far field is modelled using a single infinite element. Comparison of Finite Element method and other Methods Theoretically finite element method has more advantages compared to other methods on porous media. The most known advantage is stability. Finite element method is more stable compared to the other methods and easy to establish. It is good to know prior so that one will not use it unknowingly.Convergence is another advantage of finite method because variation forms usually are consistent with governing equations. The approximation of finite method usually follows from best approximate results.The finite method is easily adaptable thus making adaptivity the third advantage of finite method over the others. This is where you have to rely on indication and not estimation. The other method show where error might be and not the exact place.Computationally, finite method also has some advantages as listed below Hybridization this is where the mixed formulation method is used, where you use second order term as systems of two first order terms. Inhomogeneity this is when one used higher order quadrature rule in finite method naturally. Complex geometrics, this is where infinite method is used to solve problems theoretically given that one has a good mesh generator, without changing a code. Boundary conditions, this is whereby finite element method is used to resort conditions that are considered weak.With the above comparisons, of finite elements over the other methods, the advantages make the method seem to be the most efficient method to use in the testings. Conclusion In conclusion, wave propagation problems have been fully analyzed and it is seen that that have saturated the soils in great way. This includes domains that are unbounded. Geotechnical Engineering should be incorporated more and many approaches used to come up with an accurate answer or method. Application of the infinite element is discussed into length to show efficiency of the proposed element. The Finite method may seem to be the best, but keeping in mind the other methods too are all well perceived. The main aim is to come up with a better method that will give accurate results irrespective of the shape of the soils or surfaces. To conclude, when the two methods are in cooperated or used together, they tend to bring out accurate results, until when infinite elements are introduced and then the numerical results seems to disappear. For Civil Engineers to come up with the best method, they need to test and proof test the method and finally use the one that does not strain, or limi t them in any way possible. References Athanasios, P., Thomas, B. (2010). Soil Engineering. Berlin: Heidelberg. Braja, M. (2016). Principles of Foundation Engineering. Australia: Cengage Learning. Celebi, E., Goktepe, F., Karahan, N. (2012). Non-linear finite element analysis for ptrediction of seismic response of buildings considering soil-structure interaction. Copemicus GmbH. Delwyn, G., Murray, D. (2012). Unsaturated soils mechanics in engineering. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley. Hao, L. (2008). Diffraction of SH-waves by surface or sub-surface topographies with application to soil-structure interaction on shallow foundations. Los Angeles: California. Jien, H., Andrew, J. (2011). Geo-Frontiers 2011: advances in geotechnical Engineering. Reston: VA Joonsang, P. (2012). Wave motion in finite and infinite media using the thin layer method. Karl, T., Ralph, B. (2013). Soil Mechanics in Engineering practice. England: Read Books Ltd. Lutz, L. (2007). Wave propagation in infinite Domains: with applications to structure interaction. Dordrecht: Springer. Reddy, R. (2010). Soil Engineering. New Delhi: GeneTech Books. Rodney, L. (2013). Soil and Water conservation engineering. St. Joseph: Mich. Sunjay, K. (2017). Fundamentals of Fibre-Reinforced Soil Engineering. Singapore: Springer Singapore.